{"id":145,"count":8,"description":"The architecture of urbanism is the underlying structure, not only what is visible but also that which is largely invisible, of city-design-and-building-processes and their spatial outcomes. When we closely examine this underlying structure, we realize that one of the most overlooked, and yet most significant, elements of this structure is land. Urban land has been shown to turn into a nodal point through which a particular modality of urban development [i.e. financially wired and profit-oriented] has been encouraged to flourish. According to recent investigative research, land ownership in England is astonishingly unequal with 25,000 people\u2014far less than 1% of its population\u2014owns half the land, so it is heavily concentrated in the hands of a tiny elite. There are many ways to reform this highly unequal and privileged system that is destructive for the city and its ecology. 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